Apistogramma viejita is a medium-sized, vividly coloured dwarf cichlid native to the Meta River system in Colombia, part of the Orinoco drainage. It is closely related to A. macmasteri and was for some time confused with that species, but is now recognised as a distinct species with its own distinctive colour pattern and locality.
Males display a rich, complex colouration including red areas on the body and fins, blue iridescence on the flanks, yellow on the head and abdomen, and elaborately marked dorsal and caudal fins. The overall impression is one of intense, jewel-like colour that makes this one of the most visually rewarding Apistogramma species in the hobby. Females are smaller and yellow, with the typical Apistogramma pattern of colour intensification during breeding.
In nature, A. viejita is found in warm, soft, slightly acidic water with sandy substrates, leaf litter, and submerged vegetation. In the aquarium, it is relatively adaptable compared to some of the more extreme soft-water specialists, making it a good choice for intermediate aquarists who have some experience with soft-water fish. A well-planted tank with multiple caves and hiding places provides the ideal environment for this species to display its full colour and behavioural repertoire.
