Cichla orinocensis

Cichla orinocensis is an apex predator endemic to the Orinoco basin and portions of the Rio Negro system. It inhabits blackwater rivers with warm, highly acidic, soft water — conditions that present a significant challenge to replicate in captivity. Males develop an impressive nuchal hump with age and display beautiful rows of pale cream oval spots against an olive-gold body. This is the largest member of its natural river community and demands a massive aquarium with impeccable water quality. A showpiece fish for only the most dedicated large-predator enthusiasts.