Apistogramma macmasteri

Apistogramma macmasteri is a medium-sized, robust dwarf cichlid native to the Meta and Guaviare River systems in Colombia, part of the Orinoco drainage. It is one of the most popular species in the Apistogramma genus, valued for its bold, contrasting colouration and its somewhat greater adaptability to captive water conditions compared to many of its softer-water relatives.

Males display a vivid colour palette of red, yellow, blue, and black — with specific colouration varying between individuals and captive-bred lines. The dorsal and caudal fins are often strikingly patterned with red edging. Wild-caught specimens tend to be more variably coloured, while captive-bred fish are often selectively bred for enhanced colour. Females are, as with all Apistogramma, considerably smaller and primarily yellow, becoming intensely golden when guarding fry.

A. macmasteri is found in warm, soft to moderately soft water in its natural habitat, often associated with leaf-littered sandy substrates and submerged roots. In the aquarium it is more forgiving of moderately harder water than some other Apistogramma species, though soft, slightly acidic water is still preferred and recommended. Its bold behaviour and impressive colour make it an excellent intermediate-level species.

Tank Setup

Minimum 80 litres for a pair. Fine sand substrate, driftwood, caves, and dense planting are ideal. Multiple caves allow the female to establish a clear nesting territory. Include leaf litter for additional tannins and natural aesthetics. Low to moderate lighting.

Water Parameters

Temperature 24–28 °C, pH 5.5–7.0. Soft to moderately soft water is acceptable; GH up to 12 is tolerated but soft water is preferred. Perform 20–30% weekly water changes. Nitrates below 20 ppm.

Feeding

A varied diet of micro pellets, frozen bloodworms, brine shrimp, daphnia, and cyclops is ideal. Live foods are excellent for conditioning breeding fish. Feed small amounts two to three times daily.

Tank Mates

Compatible with small tetras, rasboras, corydoras, and otocinclus. Avoid other dwarf cichlids in small tanks and do not house with aggressive or nippy species.

Behaviour

Males can be quite territorial and bold. Females defending a brood will aggressively repel much larger fish. Both sexes are fascinating to observe during the breeding cycle. Outside of breeding, macmasteri is generally peaceful toward non-cichlid companions.

Health

Relatively hardy among Apistogramma. Internal parasites and bacterial infections are the primary concerns. Quarantine all new fish for at least three weeks. Stable, clean water prevents most common health issues.