Astatheros macracanthus

Astatheros macracanthus inhabits rivers of Guatemala and Honduras, where it is found in both clear and moderately turbid waters. Its common name refers to the notably elongated spines of the dorsal fin in adult males, which add a dramatic profile to an already attractive fish. The body displays a pattern of blue iridescent spots and dashes on a dark olive to grey-brown base, intensifying considerably in breeding condition.

This is a medium-sized cichlid with manageable aggression levels compared to the larger Central American species. It is a cave-preferring species that benefits from abundant rockwork in the aquarium and does well when paired with other similarly temperamented Central American species in large, well-structured tanks.

A. macracanthus is an open or cave spawner depending on available habitat, and pairs form strong bonds. Both parents are attentive and aggressive brood guardians. The species is more forgiving of varied water conditions than some CA cichlids and is accessible to hobbyists with some cichlid experience.

Water: 24–28°C, pH 7.0–8.0, GH 8–18, KH 3–10; moderate water quality standards; consistent maintenance. Tank: 250 L minimum; rocky caves and open sandy areas; moderate current. Feeding: Omnivore — cichlid pellets, frozen bloodworm, mysis, and occasional blanched greens. Breeding: Open or cave spawner; strong biparental care; 150–300 eggs per clutch. Compatibility: Mid-size robust CA cichlid communities; avoid pairing with very aggressive large species.