Banded Apistogramma

Apistogramma bitaeniata, the Banded Apistogramma or Two-Striped Dwarf Cichlid, is a strikingly patterned dwarf cichlid from the western Amazon and Ucayali River drainages of Peru and Brazil. Males are identified by two bold lateral stripes (from which the species name 'bitaeniata' derives) and a vivid lyre-shaped caudal fin with elongated upper and lower lobes in mature specimens. The male colouration includes electric blue iridescence on the body scales and vivid yellow and orange accents that make this one of the most visually striking Apistogramma species. It inhabits warm, highly acidic blackwater streams with leaf litter and minimal mineral content — conditions that must be replicated for long-term success in captivity. A cave spawner, males defend territories while females guard the brood.

Maintain in warm (26–30°C), highly acidic (pH 4.5–6.5), extremely soft water with near-zero hardness. Use peat filtration, Indian almond leaves, and rainwater or RO water. Provide a well-planted aquarium with leaf litter, driftwood, and small cave structures. Keep as a pair or trio (1 male, 2 females). Feed small live and frozen invertebrates. Regular small water changes.