Chromidotilapia melaniae

Chromidotilapia melaniae is described from the Sanaga River basin in Cameroon and is one of the darkest and most striking members of the genus. Non-breeding fish show a moderately patterned olive-brown body, but in full breeding dress both sexes develop dramatic black-and-white patterning — the dark melanisation of the body (reflected in the species name) is particularly intense in dominant individuals.

As a biparental mouthbrooder, both sexes share incubation of the larvae. C. melaniae is relatively rarely seen in specialist shops, making it genuinely sought-after by Chromidotilapia enthusiasts. Care follows standard Chromidotilapia parameters — soft to moderately hard water, moderate temperatures, and a spacious tank with good structure.

A 120 L aquarium with bogwood, dense planting, and flat rock structures provides appropriate conditions. Feed a varied, meaty diet to maintain the depth of dark pigmentation in breeding adults.

Water: 24–27°C, pH 6.0–7.5, soft to moderately hard (GH 3–15, KH 2–10). Tank: 120 L; bogwood, flat rocks, and dense planting — dark substrate enhances black pigmentation. Feeding: Cichlid pellets, earthworms, frozen bloodworm, and varied meaty foods to maintain colour depth. Breeding: Biparental mouthbrooder; strong pair bond; moderate breeding aggression. Compatibility: Suitable with robust West African tetras and catfish; one pair per standard-sized tank.