Common Paradise Fish

Macropodus opercularis is a historically significant fish — it was among the very first tropical aquarium fish imported into Europe in the 1860s. Males are striking, bearing bold alternating blue and orange-red vertical stripes with extended, flowing caudal fin filaments. Native to East and Southeast Asia including China, Vietnam, and Taiwan, it is an adaptable and hardy species.

The paradise fish tolerates an unusually wide temperature range (15–26°C) and can be kept in unheated aquariums in temperate climates, making it popular with beginner aquarists in cooler regions. However, males are aggressive toward each other and may intimidate smaller tank mates. A well-planted, spacious aquarium with visual barriers is recommended.

Breeding is straightforward — the male builds an impressive surface bubble nest and is a devoted guardian of eggs and fry. This species' robustness, accessibility, and beauty make it an enduring classic of the freshwater hobby.

Water: 16–26°C, pH 6.0–8.0, soft to hard — one of the most water-parameter-tolerant labyrinth fish. Tank: 60 L with plenty of plants and structure; keep one male per tank. Feeding: omnivorous — readily accepts flake, pellets, frozen foods, and even small insects. Breeding: prolific and easy bubblenester; male is an attentive parent; remove female after spawning. Compatibility: keep one male; can be aggressive to small or timid tank mates — choose robust companions.