Deissner's Licorice Gourami

Parosphromenus deissneri is one of the first licorice gouramis described to science and was the genus's namesake species for many years. It originates from Bangka Island and southern Sumatra, where it inhabits extremely soft, acidic blackwater streams, peat swamps, and forest pools rich in tannins and humic acids.

Males in breeding condition display vivid horizontal bands of deep red and black across the body, with iridescent blue fin margins. Like all Parosphromenus species, they are cave spawners rather than bubblenesters — a critical distinction in care. Providing small cave ornaments or coconut shells is essential to trigger spawning behaviour.

The species is listed as Endangered due to rapid peat swamp destruction across its range. Captive breeding by dedicated hobbyists is vital. P. deissneri is cared for by the Parosphromenus Project, an international conservation initiative.

Water: 23–28°C, pH 4.0–6.5, very soft (GH 0–5) — blackwater with tannins is essential for colouration and health. Tank: 30 L nano species tank with caves, leaf litter, and gentle flow; tight lid. Feeding: small live foods (daphnia, cyclops, micro bloodworm); micro pellets accepted reluctantly. Breeding: cave spawner; male guards eggs; remove female after spawning to prevent harassment. Compatibility: species-only or with similarly tiny, non-competitive blackwater fish.