Gangetic Leaffish

Nandus nandus is a specialist ambush predator found across the Indian subcontinent in rivers, ponds, and floodplains. Its laterally compressed body, mottled brown colouration, and pointed snout give it a perfect dead-leaf appearance. It lurks motionless among aquatic vegetation or leaf litter, then lunges forward to engulf prey with its highly protrusible jaw.

Water: 18–26 °C, pH 6.0–7.5, soft to moderately hard freshwater. Tank: 150 L minimum; dark substrate, leaf litter, and dense vegetation to complete its camouflage. Feeding: Carnivorous ambush predator; live or frozen fish, shrimp, and meaty foods; rarely accepts pellets. Behaviour: Entirely sedentary during the day; ambushes passing prey; can be kept singly or in pairs. Compatibility: Species tank or with fish too large to be eaten; will engulf surprisingly large prey.