Haplochromis chilotes

Haplochromis chilotes is one of the better-known thick-lipped Victorian haplochromines, adapted for scraping algae and associated invertebrates (aufwuchs) from rock surfaces in the shallow littoral zone. The thickened lips act as a seal against uneven rock surfaces, allowing the fish to generate suction and dislodge biofilm efficiently. Males develop attractive blue and yellow nuptial colouration at maturity, while females remain drab and cryptic.

In the aquarium, H. chilotes requires an abundance of rocky surfaces to express natural foraging behaviour. It is moderately aggressive toward conspecific males but generally less belligerent than some Victorian species when given adequate space. A 200-litre aquarium with multiple rocky territories accommodates a small group consisting of one male and two to three females.

Feeding is straightforward — spirulina-based foods should form the dietary backbone, supplemented with frozen invertebrates and quality cichlid pellets. Avoiding an exclusively protein-based diet reduces the risk of bloat, a condition to which Victorian haplochromines are particularly susceptible.

Water: 22-27°C, pH 7.0-8.5, hard alkaline; weekly partial changes of 25-30%. Tank: 200L minimum; heavy rockwork for foraging surfaces and territory demarcation. Feeding: Spirulina pellets and flakes as staple; supplement with mysis and brine shrimp. Breeding: Maternal mouthbrooder; females hold 2-3 weeks; separate post-release. Compatibility: Victorian community with similarly sized species; one male per tank.