Hypsophrys nicaraguensis

Hypsophrys nicaraguensis stands out even among the colorful Central American cichlids for its remarkable bicolored pattern: the posterior body and belly glow a vivid orange-gold while the anterior body and back carry green-blue iridescence. This striking contrast is at its most intense during breeding, when both sexes display their full coloration. Males also develop an elongated dorsal fin in maturity.

This species is native to Nicaragua and Costa Rica, inhabiting lake shores, river backwaters, and clear-water streams over sandy and rocky substrates. In the aquarium, it performs best in moderately hard, neutral to slightly alkaline water with good oxygenation and regular water changes.

H. nicaraguensis is one of the more manageable large Central American cichlids — it is significantly less aggressive than Amphilophus labiatus or Parachromis species, making it an accessible choice for hobbyists who want a colorful, large cichlid without extreme aggression management requirements.

Water: 24–28°C, pH 7.0–8.0, GH 8–18, KH 4–10; moderate hardness and regular water changes. Tank: 300 L minimum; sand substrate, rocky hiding spots, open swimming areas; moderate to strong flow. Feeding: Omnivore — cichlid pellets, frozen foods, and blanched vegetables; krill enhances orange coloration. Breeding: Open substrate or pit spawner; both parents guard fry; less aggressive toward tankmates than most CA cichlids. Compatibility: One of the more sociable large CA cichlids; can be kept with other robust medium-large species.