Lamprologus meleagris

Lamprologus meleagris takes its name from the guinea fowl, whose plumage it mimics with a constellation of brilliant white spots scattered across a deep brown-black body. This combination of colours makes it one of the most visually arresting shell-dwelling cichlids available, and it is eagerly sought by collectors of Tanganyika cichlids worldwide. The species inhabits sandy shell beds throughout Lake Tanganyika.

Like other shell-bed dwellers, meleagris males control a territory containing the shells of several females. The size difference between sexes is pronounced, with males reaching nearly twice the body bulk of females. Spawning occurs inside the female's shell, and she alone tends the eggs and early fry while the male maintains the broader territorial boundary against rival males and curious intruders.

In the aquarium meleagris benefits from a sand substrate of at least 5 cm with a generous provision of medium-sized shells — Neothauma replicas, escargot, or applesnail shells all work well. The species is somewhat more sensitive to poor water quality than the larger Lamprologines, so pristine conditions are important. Feed protein-rich frozen foods alongside a quality micro pellet for best colouration.

Water: pH 7.8–9.0, GH 12–20, KH 8–16, temperature 24–27 °C; clean water with low nitrates essential. Tank: 40 L minimum; fine sand 5 cm deep; 4–6 medium shells; minimal rock decor. Feeding: Frozen Artemia, Cyclops, Daphnia; quality micro pellets; twice daily small amounts. Breeding: Shell-spawner; female guards alone; male defends territory; fry accept Artemia nauplii. Compatibility: Species tank or with open-water Cyprichromis; never mix with other shell dwellers in small tanks.