New Zealand Crayfish

Paranephrops planifrons, known in Māori as Kōura, is one of two freshwater crayfish species endemic to New Zealand, inhabiting streams, rivers, and lakes throughout the North Island. It is a stocky, moderately sized species with earthy olive, brown, and grey colouration that blends perfectly with the gravel and stone substrate of its native habitat. The Kōura holds significant cultural importance in Māori culture.

This species requires cool, highly oxygenated freshwater and is entirely unsuitable for tropical aquaria. In the aquarium it is best maintained in setups that replicate New Zealand's clean, cool stream environments, with water agitation, cobble substrate, and leaf litter from native trees. It is less aggressive than many crayfish but still territorial.

Import and keeping of this species is regulated in New Zealand and may require permits. International keepers should verify their local import regulations, as live New Zealand native animals are subject to strict biosecurity controls.

Water: 8–20°C, pH 7.0–8.0, GH 5–15, KH 2–10; clean, cool, well-oxygenated water essential. Tank: minimum 80 L, cobble substrate, flat rocks, caves, no heater, strong aeration. Feeding: omnivore — sinking pellets, leaf litter, blanched vegetables, occasional invertebrate protein. Breeding: seasonal; small clutch brooded by female; check regulations for breeding captive specimens. Compatibility: territorial — keep alone; check import regulations before acquiring.