Retroculus lapidifer

Retroculus lapidifer is a fascinating rheophilic cichlid from the Araguaia and Tocantins river systems in Brazil, specially adapted to fast-flowing, highly oxygenated rapids. Its muscular, flattened body and powerful pectoral fins allow it to anchor against strong currents in its natural habitat. Requires high water flow and excellent oxygenation in captivity. A truly unusual and challenging species for the serious cichlid enthusiast with a species-specific setup.

Minimum 300 L with very strong flow (10–20× tank volume per hour), fine gravel or flat rock substrate. pH 6.0–7.5, GH 2–12, KH 0–6, temperature 24–28°C. Feed sinking pellets, frozen bloodworm, and substrate invertebrates. High dissolved oxygen essential — powerheads or venturi aeration needed. Keep in groups or pairs. Semi-aggressive during spawning on flat rocks.