Setequedas Eartheater

Gymnogeophagus setequedas is named after the Sete Quedas waterfall complex (now submerged by the Itaipu reservoir) near the Brazil-Paraguay border, the type locality for this species. It inhabits upper Paraná tributaries in southern Brazil and Paraguay, adapting to seasonal temperature fluctuations between cooler winters and warm summers. The species is distinguished by a strong, continuous dark lateral stripe and boldly contrasting fin colouration relative to other Gymnogeophagus. A delayed mouthbrooder, it requires a winter temperature drop to 18–20 °C to stimulate reproductive cycling. Fine sandy substrate, open areas for sifting, and a varied diet support its long-term health. Compatible with other Gymnogeophagus and large robust South American characins in sufficiently large aquaria.

Water: Moderate hardness; pH 6.5–7.8, temperature 18–27 °C seasonally. Tank: 150 L+; fine sand, open swimming areas, driftwood optional. Feeding: Sinking pellets, frozen bloodworm, daphnia, artemia, tubifex. Breeding: Delayed mouthbrooder; cool period required for spawning induction. Compatibility: Good with robust temperate South American fish of similar size.