Vampire Shrimp

The Vampire Shrimp, also known as the African Giant Filter Shrimp, is native to West African rivers and estuaries, including those of Nigeria, Cameroon, and surrounding regions. At up to 15 cm in length, it is one of the largest freshwater shrimp commonly kept in the hobby and an extraordinarily impressive display animal. Despite its fearsome name — likely derived from its large, powerful claws — it is a completely passive filter feeder with no aggression toward tank mates.

Like the Bamboo Shrimp of Southeast Asia, the Vampire Shrimp feeds by extending specialised fan-like appendages into flowing water to intercept suspended particles, fine detritus, algae, and organic material. Its body is robust and laterally compressed, typically blue-grey to brownish, though colour can vary considerably and some individuals display attractive blue-tinted hues.

The Vampire Shrimp requires a large aquarium with reliable water flow to support its filter-feeding lifestyle. It should be positioned near filter outlets or powerhead currents where suspended food is consistently available. A tank devoid of current or suspended organic particles will slowly starve this species even in the presence of abundant surface food. Its large size and filter-feeding behaviour make it a highly unusual and educational aquarium species, suited to aquarists with experience managing large invertebrates and providing appropriate feeding conditions.

Tank Setup

A minimum of 80 litres is required to accommodate the Vampire Shrimp's large adult size and provide sufficient current zones for filter feeding. Provide large driftwood pieces, rocks, and broad-leaved plants for the shrimp to anchor against while feeding. Create strong flow areas using powerheads or directed filter outlets. The substrate can be fine sand or gravel.

Water Parameters

Vampire Shrimp prefer slightly acidic to neutral, moderately warm water: pH 6.5–7.5, temperature 22–28 °C. As West African species, they are adapted to moderately soft to moderately hard water. Maintain clean conditions with efficient filtration and weekly water changes of 20–25%.

Feeding

Filter feeding is essential. Position the shrimp in current zones and supplement by adding suspended foods directly into the flow: powdered spirulina, phytoplankton, blended shrimp food, or fine powdered algae. In mature, densely planted tanks with active biological systems, natural particle loads may supplement commercially provided food. Monitor the shrimp's behaviour — surface grazing instead of fan feeding signals insufficient suspended food.

Tank Mates

Completely peaceful with all fish and invertebrates. Even small fish are entirely safe. Avoid very large or aggressive fish that might stress or physically damage the shrimp. Compatible with Bamboo Shrimp in appropriately sized systems.

Health and Breeding

Vampire Shrimp are long-lived, with lifespans of up to five years reported in optimal conditions. They moult periodically and require shelter during the vulnerable post-moult period. Breeding in freshwater has not been documented. Avoid copper and invertebrate-toxic medications at all times.