Xenotilapia spiloptera

Xenotilapia spiloptera is named for its distinctive spotted dorsal fin pattern. It is a mid-sized sand-dwelling cichlid from Lake Tanganyika's open sandy zones, displaying a soft multi-toned body colouration with iridescent highlights that shift from blue to gold depending on angle and lighting.

This species exhibits the biparental mouthbrooding strategy common to most Xenotilapia, with both parents alternating incubation of the clutch. Groups of six or more produce natural shoaling and spawning behaviour that is highly rewarding to observe.

X. spiloptera is regarded as a reliable, hardy member of its genus in aquarium conditions and makes an attractive addition to sand-biotope displays alongside other Xenotilapia, Enantiopus, and Cyathopharynx.

Water: 24–27°C, pH 7.8–9.0, GH 8–16, KH 6–14; fine sand essential; stable alkalinity. Tank: 200 L minimum; generous open sand zone; limited rockwork along perimeter. Feeding: Fine sinking pellets; frozen Mysis and Artemia; varied diet enhances colouration. Breeding: Biparental mouthbrooder; alternating parental holding; 20–40 eggs per clutch. Compatibility: Peaceful; combines well with all peaceful Tanganyika sand and open-water species.