Clinopodium brownei

Clinopodium brownei, sometimes placed in the genus Satureja, is an aquatic to semi-aquatic member of the mint family found across the tropical and subtropical Americas. Its small, broadly oval leaves have a slightly aromatic quality when crushed and offer an unusual texture that differs markedly from most aquarium stem plants. It is a demanding species, requiring pristine soft water, high light, and CO2 injection, and is primarily of interest to advanced aquarists and collectors of rare aquatic flora. When thriving, it forms compact, attractive midground columns.

Light: High (70–100 PAR); compact growth and healthy leaves require strong lighting. CO2: Required at 25–35 mg/L; growth stalls or regresses without CO2 injection. Fertiliser: Comprehensive balanced programme; sensitive to micronutrient and iron deficiency. Planting: Midground groups of 3–5 stems; soft, slightly acidic substrate preferred. Growth: Slow; 10–25 cm; rare and demanding; suited to experienced high-tech aquarists.