Hydrocotyle vulgaris

Hydrocotyle vulgaris is the native European marsh pennywort, producing round, flat, coin-shaped leaves on creeping stems. In tissue culture form it arrives pest-free and establishes readily in a broad range of conditions. Submerged, it creeps across the foreground with upright stems bearing coin-like leaves; emersed or semi-emersed in a paludarium it produces a broader, more spreading leaf form. It is tolerant of cooler temperatures, making it suitable for temperate, subtropical, and tropical setups alike. Growth is moderate and the plant does not need CO2 injection. An excellent low-tech foreground choice for aquarists who want a natural, meadow-like carpet without demanding care requirements. Also suitable for pond margins.

Light: Low–medium CO2: Not required Fertilisation: Basic liquid dosing; tolerates low nutrients Placement: Foreground carpet or paludarium margin Propagation: Creeping stems spread naturally; divide and replant sections