Phyllanthus fluitans

Phyllanthus fluitans is native to the Amazon and Orinoco river basins of South America and belongs to the Phyllanthaceae family rather than the expected Salviniaceae. Its small, heart-shaped leaves turn progressively more red under higher light intensities, while its abundant, freely branching crimson roots create an extraordinary visual effect hanging below the surface. The contrast between the red leaves, red roots, and tank water has made it one of the most sought-after floating plants for high-light planted aquariums.

Light: High surface light is required to develop and maintain the intense red colouration; low light produces green leaves. CO2: Not required but benefits from liquid fertiliser supplementation, especially iron and potassium. Planting: Place on still water surface; avoid strong flow which stresses and fragments the small plants. Maintenance: Remove excess plants regularly; iron-rich fertilisation deepens the red pigmentation. Note: Red colouration fades significantly under low or moderate light — high PAR at the surface is non-negotiable for the signature red display.